What is the primary focus of 19th-century British novelists like Charles Dickens?

The primary focus of 19th-century British novelists like Charles Dickens was the exploration of social issues and moral questions. Dickens' works often illuminated the harsh realities of life for the poor and working class in Victorian England, addressing topics such as child labor, the inadequacies of the legal system, and the disparities between social classes. His characters frequently faced moral dilemmas that reflected broader societal concerns, prompting readers to consider the ethical implications of their societies.

This focus distinguishes Dickens and his contemporaries from other literary movements, such as romanticism, which emphasized individual emotions and relationships, or the fantasy genres that delve into imaginative worlds. While romantic relationships do appear in Dickens' narratives, they usually serve to highlight the social issues at play rather than being the story's main focus. Similarly, ancient civilizations, fantasy, and supernatural themes fell outside the primary concerns of Dickens and his contemporaries, making the examination of social justice and moral questions the central theme of their works.